# Tideswell

> Tideswell is an operating system for commerce brands: chat, tasks and projects, Shopify store analytics, inventory, purchasing and suppliers, wholesale, custom record types, automations and an AI analyst, in one workspace with one permission model.

Append `.md` to any documentation URL, or send `Accept: text/markdown`, to receive that page as raw markdown.

## Docs

- [Tideswell documentation](https://tideswell.xyz/docs.md): How to run your brand's operations in Tideswell, from your first sign-in to the Objects you define yourself.
- [How to ask the analyst a question](https://tideswell.xyz/docs/analyst/ask-a-question.md): Type a question on the home page, choose how deeply it should think, and follow up in the same conversation.
- [How to switch on and read the daily brief](https://tideswell.xyz/docs/analyst/daily-brief.md): A written briefing each morning on what changed overnight, with severity, evidence, and a task you can create in one click.
- [How to use the one-click digest buttons](https://tideswell.xyz/docs/analyst/digest-buttons.md): Seven prepared questions on the home page, each starting a fresh conversation with a sharpened prompt behind it.
- [What is the analyst?](https://tideswell.xyz/docs/analyst.md): Ask a question about your business in plain English and get an answer built from your own live data, with its evidence shown.
- [How to save and reuse a prompt](https://tideswell.xyz/docs/analyst/save-a-prompt.md): Keep a question you ask often, reopen it from the slash menu, and share the good ones with your team.
- [How to ask about stock, suppliers and marketing](https://tideswell.xyz/docs/analyst/stock-suppliers-and-marketing.md): The questions worth asking in each area, and what the analyst needs to be able to answer them.
- [How to check where the figures came from](https://tideswell.xyz/docs/analyst/where-figures-came-from.md): Every answer shows what it looked at, how confident it is, what it could not see, and the figures it used.
- [How to create and organise channels](https://tideswell.xyz/docs/chat/create-and-organise-channels.md): Make a channel, decide whether it is private at the moment you create it, and group channels into coloured folders.
- [How to send a direct message](https://tideswell.xyz/docs/chat/direct-messages.md): Start a private one-to-one conversation from the online rail at the foot of the channel list.
- [What is chat?](https://tideswell.xyz/docs/chat.md): Channels for topics and teams, threads for side-conversations, and direct messages. Every message can become work.
- [How to tag people, tasks, documents and products](https://tideswell.xyz/docs/chat/mentions.md): Type @ for one menu covering everything taggable, and what you pick arrives as a live chip other people can click.
- [How to reply and start a thread](https://tideswell.xyz/docs/chat/replies-and-threads.md): A reply points at one earlier message. A thread is a named side-conversation whose messages stay out of the channel.
- [How to send and format a message](https://tideswell.xyz/docs/chat/send-a-message.md): Enter sends, Shift and Enter makes a new line, and the row above the box handles bold, lists, quotes and code.
- [How to share files and photos in chat](https://tideswell.xyz/docs/chat/share-files.md): Attach files with the paperclip, send images that open in a full-screen viewer, and remove one before you send.
- [How to turn a conversation into work](https://tideswell.xyz/docs/chat/turn-a-conversation-into-work.md): Hover any message to make it a task, a callback, or a recorded decision, keeping a link back to what was said.
- [How to build a list of your best or most at-risk customers](https://tideswell.xyz/docs/customers/build-a-list.md): Filter by value tier, churn risk, location and activity, then sort and share the result as a link.
- [How to find a customer and read their history](https://tideswell.xyz/docs/customers/find-a-customer.md): Search by name, email or phone, then open the panel for their spending, their predictions and their recent orders.
- [What is the customer directory?](https://tideswell.xyz/docs/customers.md): Every customer Klaviyo knows about, with what they have spent, what they are likely to spend, and their risk of leaving.
- [Tideswell glossary](https://tideswell.xyz/docs/concepts/glossary.md): Plain definitions of every word Tideswell uses on screen, each pointing at the page that covers it.
- [Core concepts](https://tideswell.xyz/docs/concepts.md): The words Tideswell uses on screen, and how to work out who can see what.
- [How to read Tideswell's numbers and dates](https://tideswell.xyz/docs/concepts/numbers-and-dates.md): Read money, percentages, dates and times the way Tideswell means them, and tell a blank figure apart from a genuine zero.
- [How to work out who can do what in your workspace](https://tideswell.xyz/docs/concepts/who-can-do-what.md): Work out what a person can see and do in Tideswell, and tell a switched-off module apart from a permission they have not been given.
- [What are documents?](https://tideswell.xyz/docs/documents.md): A document is shared writing your whole workspace can read and edit. Use one where a task or a comment would be too small.
- [How to find a document and link it to your work](https://tideswell.xyz/docs/documents/link-and-find.md): Documents are listed newest edited first. Link one into a record, a task or a message so it is found in context.
- [How to create and format a document](https://tideswell.xyz/docs/documents/write-and-format.md): Create a document, then format it with the slash menu, the toolbar, or markdown shortcuts as you type.
- [How to read the decision log and check a track record](https://tideswell.xyz/docs/decisions/decision-log.md): Sort, search and filter every decision your business has recorded, then switch to the track record to see what worked.
- [What are decisions and track records?](https://tideswell.xyz/docs/decisions.md): Record what your business decided and why, commit to what you expect, and have the outcome measured for you.
- [How to commit to an outcome and have it measured](https://tideswell.xyz/docs/decisions/outcomes.md): Say what you expect a decision to produce, and Tideswell measures it when the date arrives.
- [How to record a decision](https://tideswell.xyz/docs/decisions/record-a-decision.md): Record what was decided, why, and what you rejected, on the purchase order, supplier or record it affects.
- [How to connect Klaviyo](https://tideswell.xyz/docs/get-started/connect-klaviyo.md): Approve through Klaviyo or paste a private API key, then sync to fill the customer directory.
- [How to connect your Shopify store](https://tideswell.xyz/docs/get-started/connect-shopify.md): Type your shop domain, approve on Shopify's own screen, and the store surfaces fill with your live data.
- [How to find your way around](https://tideswell.xyz/docs/get-started/find-your-way-around.md): The sidebar in one pass. What is pinned, what is grouped, and where the settings live.
- [Getting started with Tideswell](https://tideswell.xyz/docs/get-started.md): What to do in your first hour, whether you are setting up a workspace or joining one somebody else built.
- [How to invite your team and set up departments](https://tideswell.xyz/docs/get-started/invite-your-team.md): Build your departments first, then invite people straight into them, and send them the link yourself.
- [How to set up Tideswell for the first time](https://tideswell.xyz/docs/get-started/set-up-your-workspace.md): Create your company's workspace with a signup code, then answer four questions that decide what you start with.
- [How to choose a stock view and ranking window](https://tideswell.xyz/docs/inventory/choose-a-view-and-window.md): Eight built-in views answer different questions. The ranking window decides what counts as selling fast.
- [How to find out what you need to reorder](https://tideswell.xyz/docs/inventory/find-what-to-reorder.md): Read days of cover and the suggested reorder quantity, check what is already incoming, and take the list to a purchase order.
- [What is the inventory dashboard?](https://tideswell.xyz/docs/inventory.md): Store Inventory ranks your stock by what is about to run out, what is oversold, and what is tying up cash.
- [How to work out a restock cost and correct a stock count](https://tideswell.xyz/docs/inventory/restock-cost-and-corrections.md): Read fill cost to price a restock, and write a corrected on-hand count back to your live Shopify store.
- [How to find items running out, oversold, or not selling](https://tideswell.xyz/docs/inventory/running-out-oversold-and-dead.md): Three views for three different problems. Stock about to go, stock you have sold and do not have, and stock tying up cash.
- [How to filter and save a list of products to watch](https://tideswell.xyz/docs/inventory/save-a-product-list.md): Build a saved list of specific variants, so one brand, season or launch can be checked in a click.
- [How to hand over your work while you are away](https://tideswell.xyz/docs/account/delegation.md): Name a colleague and an end date so they can act with your standing, and it stops on its own.
- [What is on your account page?](https://tideswell.xyz/docs/account.md): Your name, photo and sign-in email, your notification settings, and the handover you set before going away.
- [How to change your name, photo and sign-in email](https://tideswell.xyz/docs/account/your-profile.md): Set the name teammates see, the handle they mention you with, your photo, and the email you sign in with.
- [How to check whether an automation worked](https://tideswell.xyz/docs/automations/check-it-worked.md): Read the health line and the run history on a card to tell a working automation from a quiet one from a broken one.
- [How to choose who gets an alert and how often](https://tideswell.xyz/docs/automations/choose-who-gets-alerted.md): Pick recipients, add an email copy, set the threshold that triggers an alert, and stop it repeating too often.
- [What are automations?](https://tideswell.xyz/docs/automations.md): Background jobs Tideswell ships with, watching your stock, orders and data so somebody does not have to.
- [How to set up the stock and order alerts](https://tideswell.xyz/docs/automations/stock-and-order-alerts.md): Switch on the low-stock, backlog, notable-order and stale-data watchdogs, and choose numbers that are worth acting on.
- [How to turn an automation on, off, or run it now](https://tideswell.xyz/docs/automations/turn-one-on-or-off.md): Each card has its own switch, saving instantly, plus a Run now button that makes the job due immediately.
- [How to see what runs in the background](https://tideswell.xyz/docs/automations/what-runs-in-the-background.md): Every background job in your workspace as a stack of cards, each with its own switch and a one-line health summary.
- [What are notifications?](https://tideswell.xyz/docs/notifications.md): Three layers decide whether your phone buzzes. The device, your personal settings, and the level you set on a channel.
- [How to mute or follow a channel](https://tideswell.xyz/docs/notifications/mute-or-follow-a-channel.md): Set a notification level on one channel with the bell in its header, overriding your workspace-wide default.
- [How to set quiet hours and your default chat level](https://tideswell.xyz/docs/notifications/quiet-hours-and-levels.md): Set a nightly window when nothing buzzes, and choose how much chat notifies you before you tune individual channels.
- [How to control task, stock and order alerts](https://tideswell.xyz/docs/notifications/task-stock-and-order-alerts.md): Three categories have a personal on/off switch. Here is what each one covers and what it does not.
- [How to turn on notifications](https://tideswell.xyz/docs/notifications/turn-them-on.md): Switch notifications on for each browser and device separately, then send a test to prove it works.
- [Add a field and pick the right type](https://tideswell.xyz/docs/objects/add-a-field.md): Add a field to an Object, and pick the type that matches what you are recording.
- [Decide between a built-in record and your own Object](https://tideswell.xyz/docs/objects/built-in-or-your-own.md): Work out whether the thing your team is tracking already has a home in Tideswell, or whether it needs an Object you define yourself.
- [A field that works itself out](https://tideswell.xyz/docs/objects/calculated-fields.md): Build a field that counts, totals or reads across a link, so nobody has to type the number.
- [Choice lists and reference numbers](https://tideswell.xyz/docs/objects/choice-lists-and-reference-numbers.md): Give a field a fixed set of answers your team picks from, and give every record its own running number with a prefix.
- [Create an Object](https://tideswell.xyz/docs/objects/create-an-object.md): Create a new Object in Settings, and understand what its two names control.
- [What is an Object?](https://tideswell.xyz/docs/objects.md): An Object is a kind of record your team defines. Here is what they are for, and when to create one.
- [Link one Object to another](https://tideswell.xyz/docs/objects/link-objects.md): Point a field at another Object, so one record holds a real connection to another instead of a name someone typed in twice.
- [Who can see and edit an Object](https://tideswell.xyz/docs/objects/permissions.md): We suggest setting the lowest role allowed to view, create, update and archive each Object, and decide what belongs on one in the first place.
- [Plan your fields before you add them](https://tideswell.xyz/docs/objects/plan-your-fields-first.md): Sketch an Object's fields before you build it, because a field's type and label are fixed once you save it.
- [Rename, reorder or retire an Object](https://tideswell.xyz/docs/objects/rename-reorder-retire.md): Rename an Object without breaking shared links, change its columns, and archive one you have finished with.
- [The stages a record moves through](https://tideswell.xyz/docs/objects/stages.md): Give an Object its own stages, and control which stage can follow which.
- [How to set up and work in cycles](https://tideswell.xyz/docs/projects/cycles.md): A cycle is a named, dated time-box that cuts across every team. Put tasks in one and filter your lists to it.
- [What are projects and campaigns?](https://tideswell.xyz/docs/projects.md): Projects hold related tasks. Campaigns hold related projects. Together they answer what a team is working towards.
- [How to add and reschedule milestones](https://tideswell.xyz/docs/projects/milestones.md): A milestone is a dated checkpoint inside a project. Add them on the Overview and drag them on the roadmap.
- [How to plan what goes out and when](https://tideswell.xyz/docs/projects/plan-what-goes-out.md): Lay out planned items on a project's date spine, then promote one into a real task with its sub-tasks.
- [How to set up a campaign](https://tideswell.xyz/docs/projects/set-up-a-campaign.md): A campaign spans teams and holds the projects working towards one date. Create one, then attach projects to it.
- [How to start a project](https://tideswell.xyz/docs/projects/start-a-project.md): Create a project in a department, then set its lead, status, dates and campaign from the Overview.
- [How to use the roadmap](https://tideswell.xyz/docs/projects/use-the-roadmap.md): One timeline of campaigns, projects, milestones and tasks. Group it, filter it, and drag bars to reschedule.
- [How to add a supplier and record their terms](https://tideswell.xyz/docs/purchasing/add-a-supplier.md): Add a supplier with a name and currency, fill in their terms, and link the Shopify brand names they supply.
- [How to route a purchase order for approval](https://tideswell.xyz/docs/purchasing/approvals.md): Turn on approval for a single order, submit it with a note, and approve or refuse from the queue.
- [How to find late orders and plan revisions](https://tideswell.xyz/docs/purchasing/find-late-orders.md): Filter the book to late orders, read the exception badges, and use the calendar to see what needs a decision this month.
- [How to import purchase orders and supplier confirmations](https://tideswell.xyz/docs/purchasing/import-orders-and-confirmations.md): Paste a CSV of orders, or turn a supplier's confirmation file into an order, with a preview before anything is written.
- [What are suppliers and purchase orders?](https://tideswell.xyz/docs/purchasing.md): Suppliers are the companies you pay. Purchase orders are what you have on order with them, from writing one to booking it in.
- [How to move a purchase order through its stages](https://tideswell.xyz/docs/purchasing/move-a-purchase-order.md): Drag an order across the board or set its stage on the order, and read why a stage is unavailable.
- [How to add products and choose your columns](https://tideswell.xyz/docs/purchasing/products-and-columns.md): Search your catalogue to add lines, record what the supplier confirms, and switch on the columns your buying needs.
- [How to receive a delivery](https://tideswell.xyz/docs/purchasing/receive-a-delivery.md): Check a delivery in line by line, record damage and freight, and write the stock change back to Shopify.
- [How to send a revision and export an order](https://tideswell.xyz/docs/purchasing/revise-close-and-export.md): Email a supplier the confirmed quantities as a PDF and CSV, or download the order for your own records.
- [How to record new terms and check a delivery record](https://tideswell.xyz/docs/purchasing/supplier-terms-and-delivery-record.md): Agree terms from a date so history stays honest, and read a supplier's on-time rate with the sample size behind it.
- [How to write a purchase order](https://tideswell.xyz/docs/purchasing/write-a-purchase-order.md): Create an order against a vendor with a PO number and dates, and let the revise-by date work itself out.
- [Why an automation or workflow did not run](https://tideswell.xyz/docs/troubleshooting/automation-did-not-run.md): For an automation, read its health line. For a workflow, check it is both published and switched on.
- [Why someone cannot get in or cannot edit](https://tideswell.xyz/docs/troubleshooting/cannot-edit.md): Sign-in problems are nearly always the wrong email address. Editing problems are nearly always department scope.
- [Why a figure looks wrong](https://tideswell.xyz/docs/troubleshooting/figure-looks-wrong.md): Most surprising numbers are a date range, a scope note, or the difference between a blank and a zero.
- [Troubleshooting Tideswell](https://tideswell.xyz/docs/troubleshooting.md): The six things that go wrong most often, and the order to check them in so you find the cause quickly.
- [Why a button or section is missing](https://tideswell.xyz/docs/troubleshooting/missing-button.md): Tideswell hides what you cannot use rather than greying it out, so an absent control is usually a module or a permission.
- [Why you are not being notified](https://tideswell.xyz/docs/troubleshooting/not-being-notified.md): Check the Inbox first. Whether the alert is there tells you which half of the system to look at.
- [How to fix receiving, stock corrections and imports that fail](https://tideswell.xyz/docs/troubleshooting/receiving-and-imports.md): Most of these are one cause. A Shopify connection missing a permission, which shows as a Reconnect warning.
- [How to add an account and set payment terms](https://tideswell.xyz/docs/wholesale/add-an-account.md): Add a wholesale account with its buyer, rep and payment terms, which is what makes an invoice due date work.
- [What is wholesale?](https://tideswell.xyz/docs/wholesale.md): Accounts are the doors you sell to. Wholesale orders are what they have committed to, from order through invoice to payment.
- [How to invoice a wholesale order and track payment](https://tideswell.xyz/docs/wholesale/invoice-and-payment.md): Invoice by picking a date, let the due date come from the account's terms, and mark the order part paid or paid.
- [How to find overdue invoices and quiet accounts](https://tideswell.xyz/docs/wholesale/overdue-and-quiet-accounts.md): Two lists that make money. Who owes you and has not paid, and who has stopped ordering without telling you.
- [How to read your wholesale order book](https://tideswell.xyz/docs/wholesale/read-the-order-book.md): Every open commitment in one table, sorted by ship window, with order, fulfilment, payment and aging side by side.
- [How to write and confirm a wholesale order](https://tideswell.xyz/docs/wholesale/write-an-order.md): Create an order against an account, add its lines, and move it from Draft through Submitted to Confirmed.
- [How to set up departments](https://tideswell.xyz/docs/workspace-admin/departments.md): Departments are teams, and almost every permission is checked against them. Create one with its colour, roster and defaults.
- [What is workspace admin?](https://tideswell.xyz/docs/workspace-admin.md): Settings is where an admin shapes the workspace. People, permissions, teams, which parts of Tideswell are on, and what is connected.
- [How to manage integrations, your workspace name and the audit log](https://tideswell.xyz/docs/workspace-admin/integrations.md): Connect Shopify and Klaviyo, fix a Reconnect warning, rename the workspace, and read who changed what.
- [How to add people and set roles](https://tideswell.xyz/docs/workspace-admin/members-and-roles.md): Invite a teammate into the departments they belong to, set them as member or admin, and make them a department lead.
- [How to switch parts of Tideswell on and off](https://tideswell.xyz/docs/workspace-admin/modules.md): Modules decide which parts of the product exist for your workspace, with a preview of exactly what stops before anything changes.
- [How to set who can do what](https://tideswell.xyz/docs/workspace-admin/permissions.md): Every action has a minimum role. Set each one to admin, lead or member, and changes apply immediately.
- [How to set up the kinds of work your team does](https://tideswell.xyz/docs/workspace-admin/sub-task-types.md): Build the shared vocabulary of work your teams plan with, then apply each type to the departments that use it.
- [How to add a yes/no decision](https://tideswell.xyz/docs/workflows/add-a-decision.md): A condition compares something on the triggering record and sends the flow down the Yes path or the No path.
- [How to build your first workflow](https://tideswell.xyz/docs/workflows/build-your-first-workflow.md): Create one, add a trigger, a condition and an action on the canvas, then save, publish and switch it on.
- [How to choose a trigger](https://tideswell.xyz/docs/workflows/choose-a-trigger.md): Every workflow starts from a record being created or changed. Watched fields narrow a change trigger to what matters.
- [How to create tasks, records and links from a workflow](https://tideswell.xyz/docs/workflows/create-tasks-and-records.md): Four actions that write. Create a task, create any record, update a field, or connect two records together.
- [What are workflows?](https://tideswell.xyz/docs/workflows.md): Rules you build yourself. When a record is created or changes, check something, then create work or tell somebody.
- [How to notify someone from a workflow](https://tideswell.xyz/docs/workflows/notify-someone.md): Tell one person or a whole department, with a message carrying values from the record that set it off.
- [How to publish, switch on and read a run](https://tideswell.xyz/docs/workflows/publish-and-read-a-run.md): Publishing freezes a live version, the toggle decides whether it runs, and the Runs tab tells you what it did.
- [How to use values from the triggering record](https://tideswell.xyz/docs/workflows/use-values-from-the-record.md): Drop a value from the record that set the workflow off into a task title, a message or a field.
- [How to use chat and tasks on your phone](https://tideswell.xyz/docs/phone/chat-and-tasks.md): The two things the phone is actually for, plus the analyst, and what each does differently from the web.
- [Using Tideswell on your phone](https://tideswell.xyz/docs/phone.md): The iPhone app is for communication and task management. Configuration and back-office work stay on the web.
- [How to sign in and switch workspaces on your phone](https://tideswell.xyz/docs/phone/sign-in-and-switch-workspaces.md): Sign in with a code, Google, or Apple, and use the Settings sheet to move between workspaces.
- [How to add and edit a record](https://tideswell.xyz/docs/records/add-and-edit-a-record.md): Log a new record against one of your Objects, and change any field in place.
- [How to comment on a record and see its history](https://tideswell.xyz/docs/records/comments-and-history.md): Discuss a record where it lives, and see who changed which field and what it was before.
- [How to search, filter and save a view](https://tideswell.xyz/docs/records/filter-and-save-a-view.md): Narrow a record list to the rows you care about, then save it under a name.
- [How to find and open your records](https://tideswell.xyz/docs/records/find-your-records.md): Open an Object's list from the sidebar, read what the table is telling you, and get to the one record you came for.
- [Working with records](https://tideswell.xyz/docs/records.md): A record is one entry of an Object. This section is the day to day of working with them.
- [How to link a record to work, and see what points at it](https://tideswell.xyz/docs/records/link-a-record.md): Connect a record to a task, a document or another record, and see everything pointing back at it.
- [How to move a record through its stages and set an owner](https://tideswell.xyz/docs/records/stages-and-owner.md): Move a record to its next stage, and say who is accountable for it.
- [How to find your best sellers and where revenue comes from](https://tideswell.xyz/docs/store/best-sellers-and-channels.md): Rank products by revenue or units, filter to a vendor or category, and read margin alongside the sales.
- [How to change the date range](https://tideswell.xyz/docs/store/change-the-date-range.md): One picker drives every card on the analytics page. It holds presets, whole finished periods, and any custom range.
- [How to schedule a homepage banner](https://tideswell.xyz/docs/store/homepage-banner.md): Build a hero slide for your Shopify homepage on a campaign task, then publish it now or schedule it to go live.
- [What is the store dashboard?](https://tideswell.xyz/docs/store.md): Store reads your connected Shopify store and answers how trading is going, without you opening Shopify.
- [How to look up orders and check your fulfilment backlog](https://tideswell.xyz/docs/store/orders-and-fulfilment.md): Read recent orders, open one for its full detail, and turn a problem order into a chat thread.
- [How to read your store dashboard](https://tideswell.xyz/docs/store/read-your-dashboard.md): Revenue, orders and average order value for the period you pick, each compared against the period immediately before it.
- [How to work a list, a board and a calendar](https://tideswell.xyz/docs/tasks/board-and-calendar.md): The same tasks in three shapes. Lists group by status, boards move work along, calendars show the month ahead.
- [How to log and work through callbacks](https://tideswell.xyz/docs/tasks/callbacks.md): Hand somebody a phone call to make, log each attempt, and close it out when you reach the person.
- [How to change many tasks at once](https://tideswell.xyz/docs/tasks/change-many-tasks-at-once.md): Tick several tasks in a list, then complete, move, reschedule or reassign the whole selection in one action.
- [How to create a task](https://tideswell.xyz/docs/tasks/create-a-task.md): Open the New task dialog from anywhere, fill in a title and a department, and set the rest as the job needs it.
- [How to edit a task](https://tideswell.xyz/docs/tasks/edit-a-task.md): Open a task from any list and change anything on it in place. Every control saves the moment you use it.
- [How to add files and comments to a task](https://tideswell.xyz/docs/tasks/files-and-comments.md): Attach files to a task, talk about it in one activity feed, and read back what happened and when.
- [What are tasks?](https://tideswell.xyz/docs/tasks.md): A task is one piece of work somebody has to do. Here is what they are for, and how a workspace organises them.
- [How to make a task repeat](https://tideswell.xyz/docs/tasks/make-a-task-repeat.md): Turn on Repeats inside the due-date calendar to create a schedule, then pause, edit or resume it from the department list.
- [How to see what needs you](https://tideswell.xyz/docs/tasks/see-what-needs-you.md): Inbox, My tasks and Urgent are the three screens that answer what changed, what you owe, and what is on fire.
- [How to break a task down and put it in order](https://tideswell.xyz/docs/tasks/sub-tasks-and-blockers.md): Sub-tasks split one job into steps. Blockers record that one task cannot start until another finishes.